Batang kendali (reaktor nuklir)

Batang kendali atau Control rods digunakan dalam reaktor nuklir untuk mengontrol laju fisi uranium atau plutonium. Komposisi mereka meliputi unsur-unsur kimia seperti boron, kadmium, perak, atau indium, yang mampu menyerap banyak neutron tanpa fisi mereka sendiri.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Elemen-elemen ini memiliki penampang lintang penangkap neutron yang berbeda untuk neutron dari berbagai energi. Reaktor air mendidih (BWR), reaktor air bertekanan (PWR), dan reaktor air berat(HWR) beroperasi dengan neutron termal, sedangkan reaktor pemulia beroperasi dengan neutron cepat. Setiap desain reaktor dapat menggunakan bahan batang kendali berbeda berdasarkan spektrum energi neutronnya.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]

Referensi

^ ytterbium (n.gamma) data with Japanese or Russian database
^ limited to use only in research reactors due to increased swelling from helium and lithium due to neutron absorption of boron in the (n, alpha) reaction
^ injected into D₂O moderator of Advanced CANDU reactor
^ Sairam K, Vishwanadh B, Sonber JK, et al. Competition between densification and microstructure development during spark plasma sintering of B4C–Eu2O3. J Am Ceram Soc. 2017;00:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.15376
^ Anthony Monterrosa; Anagha Iyengar; Alan Huynh; Chanddeep Madaan (2012). "Boron Use and Control in PWRs and FHRs" (PDF).
^ Harvey M. Buck, Mark A. Cooper, Petr Cerny, Joel D. Grice, Frank C. Hawthorne: Xenotime-(Yb), YbPO₄,a new mineral species from the Shatford Lake pegmatite group, southeastern Manitoba, Canada. In: Canadian Mineralogist. 1999, 37, S. 1303–1306 (Abstract in American Mineralogist, S. 1324; PDF
^ A. V. Voloshin, Ya. A. Pakhomovsky, F. N. Tyusheva: Keiviite Yb₂Si₂O₇, A new ytterbium silicate from amazonitic pegmatites of the Kola Peninsula. In: Mineralog. Zhurnal. 1983, 5-5, S. 94–99 (Abstract in American Mineralogist, S. 1191; PDF; 853 kB).
^ Bowsher, B. R.; Jenkins, R. A.; Nichols, A. L.; Rowe, N. A.; Simpson, J. a. H. (1986-01-01). "Silver-indium-cadmium control rod behaviour during a severe reactor accident". UKAEA Atomic Energy Establishment.
^ "CONTROL MATERIALS". web.mit.edu. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 2015-06-02.
^ "Control Materials". Web.mit.edu. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 2010-08-14.
^ "Hafnium alloys as neutron absorbers". Free Patents Online. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal October 12, 2008. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.
^ "Dysprosium (Z=66)". Everything-Science.com web forum. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-05-05. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.
^ "Method for making neutron absorber material". Free Patents Online. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.
^ "Infrarotabsorbierende Druckfarben - Dokument DE102008049595A1". Patent-de.com. 2008-09-30. Diakses tanggal 2014-04-22.^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
^ "Sigma Plots". Nndc.bnl.gov. Diakses tanggal 2014-04-22.
^ "Enriched boric acid for pressurized water reactors" (PDF). EaglePicher Corporation. Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal November 29, 2007. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.

Artikel bertopik fisika nuklir atau fisika atom ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[1] ytterbium (n.gamma) data with Japanese or Russian database

[2] ted to use only in research reactors due to increased swelling from helium and lithium due to neutron absorption of boron in the (n, alpha) reaction

[3] ted into D₂O moderator of Advanced CANDU reactor

[4] Sairam K, Vishwanadh B, Sonber JK, et al. Competition between densification and microstructure development during spark plasma sintering of B4C–Eu2O3. J Am Ceram Soc. 2017;00:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.15376

[5] Anthony Monterrosa; Anagha Iyengar; Alan Huynh; Chanddeep Madaan (2012). "Boron Use and Control in PWRs and FHRs" (PDF).

[6] Harvey M. Buck, Mark A. Cooper, Petr Cerny, Joel D. Grice, Frank C. Hawthorne: Xenotime-(Yb), YbPO₄,a new mineral species from the Shatford Lake pegmatite group, southeastern Manitoba, Canada. In: Canadian Mineralogist. 1999, 37, S. 1303–1306 (Abstract in American Mineralogist, S. 1324; PDF

[7] A. V. Voloshin, Ya. A. Pakhomovsky, F. N. Tyusheva: Keiviite Yb₂Si₂O₇, A new ytterbium silicate from amazonitic pegmatites of the Kola Peninsula. In: Mineralog. Zhurnal. 1983, 5-5, S. 94–99 (Abstract in American Mineralogist, S. 1191; PDF; 853 kB).

[8] Bowsher, B. R.; Jenkins, R. A.; Nichols, A. L.; Rowe, N. A.; Simpson, J. a. H. (1986-01-01). "Silver-indium-cadmium control rod behaviour during a severe reactor accident". UKAEA Atomic Energy Establishment.

[9] "CONTROL MATERIALS". web.mit.edu. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 2015-06-02.

[10] "Control Materials". Web.mit.edu. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 2010-08-14.

[PATENT1-11] "Hafnium alloys as neutron absorbers". Free Patents Online. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal October 12, 2008. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.

[DYSP-12] "Dysprosium (Z=66)". Everything-Science.com web forum. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-05-05. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.

[PATENT2-13] "Method for making neutron absorber material". Free Patents Online. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.

[14] "Infrarotabsorbierende Druckfarben - Dokument DE102008049595A1". Patent-de.com. 2008-09-30. Diakses tanggal 2014-04-22.^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}

[15] "Sigma Plots". Nndc.bnl.gov. Diakses tanggal 2014-04-22.

[EAGLE-16] "Enriched boric acid for pressurized water reactors" (PDF). EaglePicher Corporation. Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal November 29, 2007. Diakses tanggal September 25, 2008.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]