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  2. Lockheed P-38 Lightning - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Lockheed P-38 Lightning - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Lockheed P-38 Lightning

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Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
P-38 Lightning
Pesawat Lockheed P-38J Lightning "Yippee"
TipePesawat tempur
Pesawat tempur pengebom
ProdusenLockheed Corporation
PerancangClarence "Kelly" Johnson
Terbang perdana27 Januari 1939
DiperkenalkanJuli 1941
Dipensiunkan1949 (United States Air Force) 1965 (Honduran Air Force)
Pengguna utamaUnited States Army Air Force
Free French Air Force
Tahun produksi1941-45
Jumlah produksi10,037
Harga satuanUS$97,000 (Rp1,50 Miliar) pada tahun 1944

Lockheed P-38 Lightning adalah sebuah pesawat tempur berkursi tunggal dan bermesin ganda buatan Amerika Serikat yang dirancang oleh Clarence "Kelly" Johnson pada akhir tahun 1930-an dan digunakan selama Perang Dunia II. Selain bertugas sebagai pesawat tempur umum, P-38 Lightning juga sangat efektif difungsikan sebagai pesawat tempur pengebom, pesawat tempur malam, dan sebagai pengawal pembom jarak jauh ketika dilengkapi dengan tangki bahan bakar tambahan.

Referensi

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  • Abela, Stephen. "Airfield Tales: Lincolnshire’s wartime legacy." Diarsipkan 2007-08-04 di Wayback Machine. www.jamesabela.co.uk (Video documentary), 2006.
  • Bodie, Warren M. The Lockheed P-38 Lightning: The Definitive Story of Lockheed's P-38 Fighter. Hayesville, North Carolina: Widewing Publications, 2001, 1991. ISBN 0-9629359-5-6.
  • Boyne, Walter J. Silver wings: A History of the United States Air Force. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993. ISBN 0-671-78537-0.
  • Bruning, John R. Jungle Ace. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books, 2003. ISBN 1-61234-086-5.
  • Caidin, Martin. Fork-tailed Devil. New York: Ballantine Books, 1983. ISBN 0-345-31292-9.
  • Cain, Charles W. and Mike Jerram. Fighters of World War II. New York: Exeter Books, 1979. ISBN 0-89673-026-3.
  • Cesarani, David and Sarah Kavanaugh. Holocaust: Critical Concepts in Historical Studies, Volume 5. Abingdon, Oxford, UK: Routledge, 2004. ISBN 0-415-31871-8.
  • Christy, Joe and Jeffrey L. Ethell. P-38 Lightning at War. New York: Scribners, 1977. ISBN 0-684-15740-3.
  • Dimensione cielo. Caccia Assalto 3 - aerei italiani nella 2a guerra mondiale (in Italian). Rome: Edizioni Bizzarri, 1973. NO ISBN.
  • Donald, David, ed. "Lockheed P-38 Lightning." The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada: Prospero Books, 1997. ISBN 1-85605-375-X.
  • Dorr, Robert F. and David Donald. Fighters of the US Air Force: From World War I Pursuits to the F-117. New York: Military Press, 1990. ISBN 0-517-66994-3.
  • Ethell, Jeffrey L. P-38 Lightning in World War II Color. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1994. ISBN 0-87938-868-4.
  • Ethell, Jeffrey L. et al. "P-38 Lightning." The Great Book of World War II Airplanes (Originally published as 12 separate volumes for each individual aircraft). Tokyo: Bonanza Books, 1984. ISBN 0-517-45993-0.
  • Francillon, René J. Lockheed Aircraft since 1913. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1987. (Originally published by Putnam Aeronautical Books, London). ISBN 978-0-87021-897-2.
  • Galland. Adolf. The First and The Last: The Rise and Fall of the German Fighter Forces, 1938–1945. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1954. No ISBN.
  • Gunston, Bill. Aircraft of World War II. New York: Crescent Books, 1980. ISBN 0-517-31680-3.
  • Gunston, Bill. The Illustrated History of Fighters. New York: Pocket Books, 1981. ISBN 0-671-05655-7.
  • Hatch, Herbert. An Ace and his Angel: Memoirs of a World War II Fighter Pilot. Nashville, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company, 2000. ISBN 1-56311-574-3.
  • Hearn, Chester G. Air Force: An Illustrated History: The U.S. Air Force from 1907 to the 21st Century. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2008. ISBN 0-7603-3308-4.
  • Holls, Dave and Michael Lamm. A Century of Automotive Style: 100 Years of American Car Design. Stockton, California: Lamm-Morada Publishing Co., 1996. ISBN 978-0-932128-07-2.
  • Kaplan, Philip and Andy Saunders. Little Friends: The Fighter Pilot Experience in World War II England. New York: Random House, 1991. ISBN 0-394-58434-1.
  • Kenney, George C. General Kenney Reports: A Personal History of the Pacific War. Darby, Pennsylvania: DIANE, 1997, First edition 1949. ISBN 0-912799-44-7.
  • Kirkland, Richard. War Pilot: True Tales of Combat and Adventure. New York: Ballantine Books, 2003. ISBN 0-345-45812-5.
  • Knaack, Marcelle Size. Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems: Volume 1 Post-World War II Fighters 1945–1973. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1978. ISBN 0-912799-59-5.
  • Maloney, Edward T. Lockheed P-38 "Lightning", Aero Series Vol. 19, Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, Inc., 1968.
  • McFarland, Stephen L. A Concise History of the U.S. Air Force. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, Fiftieth Anniversary Commemorative edition 1997. ISBN 0-16-049208-4.
  • Neulen, Hans Werner. In the Skies of Europe. Ramsbury, Marlborough, UK: The Crowood Press, 2000. ISBN 1-86126-799-1.
  • Of Men and Stars: A History of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 1913–1957. Burbank, California: Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 1958.
  • Schiff, Stacy. Saint-Exupéry: A Biography. New York: Henry Holt 2006, First edition 1994. ISBN 978-0-679-40310-4.
  • Schom, Alan. The Eagle and the Rising Sun: The Japanese–American War, 1941–1943, Pearl Harbor Through Guadalcanal. New York: W. W. Norton, 2004. ISBN 0-393-04924-8.
  • Schnitzler, R., G.W. Feuchter and R. Schulz, eds. Handbuch der Luftfahrt (Manual of Aviation) (in German). Munich: J.F. Lehmanns Verlag, 1939.
  • Scutts, Jerry. Bf 109 Aces of North Africa and the Mediterranean. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 1994. ISBN 1-85532-448-2.
  • Scutts, Jerry. Lockheed P-38 Lightning. London: The Crowood Press, 2006. ISBN 1-86126-770-3.
  • Sgarlato, Nico. "I P-38 Italiani. (in Italian)". Aerei Nella Storia n.21, December 2000.
  • Sims, Edward H. Fighter Tactics and Strategy 1914–1970. Fallbrook, California: Aero publisher Inc., 1980. ISBN 0-8168-8795-0.
  • Spick, Mike. Fighter Pilot Tactics: The Techniques of Daylight Air Combat. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens, 1983. ISBN 0-85059-617-3.
  • Spick, Mike. The Illustrated Directory of Fighters. St. Paul, Minnesota: Salamander Books, 2002. ISBN 0-7603-1343-1.
  • Stanaway, John C. P-38 Lightning Aces of the Pacific and CBI. New York: Osprey, 1997. ISBN 1-85532-633-7.
  • Stanaway, John C. P-38 Lightning Aces of the ETO/MTO. London: Osprey Publishing, 1998. ISBN 1-85532-698-1.
  • Stanaway, John C. P-39 Airacobra Aces of World War 2. London: Osprey Publishing, 2001. ISBN 1-84176-204-0.
  • Thompson, J. Steve with Peter C. Smith. Air Combat Manoeuvres: The Technique and History of Air Fighting for Flight Simulation. Hersham, Surrey, UK: Ian Allan Publishing, 2008. ISBN 978-1-903223-98-7.
  • Thornborough, Anthony M. and Peter E. Davies. Lockheed Blackbirds. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1988. ISBN 978-0-7110-1794-8.
  • Tillman, Barrett. Brassey's D-Day Encyclopedia: The Normandy Invasion A–Z. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books (formerly Brassey's, Inc.), 2004. ISBN 1-57488-760-2.
  • United States Air Force Museum Guidebook. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation, 1987.
  • Villagrán Kramer, Francisco. Biografía política de Guatemala (in Spanish). Guatemala City: Guatemala: Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO), 1993. ISBN 978-99939-72-01-3

Pranala luar

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  • Manual: (1943) AN 01-75FF-2 Erection and Maintenance Instructions for Army Model P-38L-1 Airplane
  • United States Air Force Museum P-38 page
  • "German Pilots Renamed It: Gabelschwanz Teufel (Fork-tailed Devil)", Popular Science, September 1943 Diarsipkan 2012-10-10 di Wayback Machine.
  • YouTube - Lockheed P-38 Flight Characteristics (1943 footage)
  • "The Lockheed Lightning" a 1943 Flight article
  • "Jap-hunting without a Gun!" a 1943 Lockheed advertisement in Flight* Manual: (1943) AN 01-75FF-2 Erection and Maintenance Instructions for Army Model P-38L-1 Airplane
  • United States Air Force Museum P-38 page
  • "German Pilots Renamed It: Gabelschwanz Teufel (Fork-tailed Devil)", Popular Science, September 1943 Diarsipkan 2012-10-10 di Wayback Machine.
  • YouTube - Lockheed P-38 Flight Characteristics (1943 footage)
  • "The Lockheed Lightning" a 1943 Flight article
  • "Jap-hunting without a Gun!" a 1943 Lockheed advertisement in Flight
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Pesawat Lockheed dan Lockheed Martin
Daftar Pesawat Lockheed dan Lockheed Martin
Sebutan
Produsen

Nomor Model Dasar: L-1 · L-2 · L-3 · L-4 · L-5 · L-7 · L-8 · L-9 · L-10 · L-11 · L-012 · (L-013 tidak ditetapkan) · L-014 · L-015 · L-016 · L-017 · L-018 · L-019 · L-020 · L-021 · L-022 · L-023 · L-024 · (L-025 tidak ditetapkan) · L-026 · L-027 · (L-028 tidak ditetapkan) · L-029 · L-030 · L-031 · L-032 · L-033 · L-034 · L-035 · (L-036 tidak ditetapkan) · L-037 · (L-038 dan L-039 tidak ditetapkan) · L-040 · L-041 · L-042 · L-044 · L-045 · L-049 · L-050 · L-051 · L-052 · L-060 · L-061 · L-062 · L-075 · L-080 · L-081 · L-082 · L-083 · L-084 · L-085 · L-086 · L-087 · L-088 · L-089 · L-090 · L-091 · L-092 · L-093 · L-094 · L-092 · L-099 · L-100 · L-193 · L-245 · L-246 · L-300 · L-329 · L-351 · L-382 · L-500 · L-645


Angka desain Sementara Lockheed California:

  • CL-282
  • CL-288
  • CL-295
  • CL-320
  • CL-325
  • CL-329
  • CL-346
  • CL-379
  • CL-400
  • CL-407
  • CL-475
  • CL-595
  • CL-704
  • CL-760
  • CL-823
  • CL-901
  • CL-915
  • CL-934
  • CL-981
  • CL-984
  • CL-985
  • CL-1026
  • CL-1195
  • CL-1200
  • CL-1400
  • CL-1600
  • CL-1700
  • CL-1800
  • CL-1980
Berdasarkan
tugas
Airliner dan
transport sipil
  • Vega
  • Sirius
  • Altair
  • Orion
  • Electra
  • Electra Junior
  • Super Electra
  • Lodestar
  • Constellation (L-049
  • L-649
  • L-749)
  • Super Constellation (L-1049
  • L-1249)
  • Starliner
  • Saturn
  • Electra
  • L-402
  • JetStar
  • L-100
  • L-1011
Transport militer
  • Y1C-12
  • Y1C-17
  • Y1C-23
  • Y1C-25
  • C-36
  • C-37
  • C-40
  • C-56
  • C-57
  • C-59
  • C-60
  • C-63
  • C-66
  • C-69
  • UC-85
  • UC-101
  • C-104
  • C-111
  • C-121
  • C-130 / C-130J / HC-130 / KC-130 / LC-130 / MC-130
  • C-139
  • C-140
  • C-141
  • C-5
  • JO
  • XRO
  • R2O
  • R3O
  • XR4O
  • R5O
  • R6O / R6V
  • R7O / R7V
  • R8V / GV / UV
  • TriStar
Pesawat penyerang
dan pengebom
  • Y1A-9
  • A-28
  • A-29
  • XB-30
  • B-34
  • B-37
  • AC-130
  • A-4AR
  • F-117
  • FB-22
Drone
  • Q-5
  • Q-12/D-21
  • MQM-105
  • P-175
  • RQ-3
  • RQ-170

See also: DC-130

EW dan pengintai
  • O-56
  • F-4
  • F-5
  • F-14
  • YO-3
  • EC-121
  • EC-130 / EC-130H
  • WC-130
  • EP-3
  • RB-69
  • U-2 / TR-1
  • A-12
  • SR-71
  • PO / WV
  • XW2V
Pesawat tempur
  • XFM-2
  • XPB-3
  • YP-24
  • P-38
  • XP-49
  • XP-58
  • P/F-80
  • XF-90
  • F-94
  • F-97
  • F-104
  • YF-12
  • F-16
  • YF-22
  • F-22
  • F-35
  • FO
  • XFV
Helikopter
  • CL-475
  • XH-51
  • AH-56
  • VH-71
Patroli maritim
  • PBO
  • PV
  • P2V
  • P-2
  • P3V
  • P-3
  • P-7
  • S-3
  • CP-122
  • CP-140
Pesawat latih
  • AT-18
  • T-33
  • T-40
  • TO / TV
  • T2V / T-1
Eksperimental
  • M-21
  • NF-104A
  • QT-2
  • Senior Prom
  • XC-35
  • XF-104
  • VZ-10 / XV-4
  • X-7
  • X-17
  • X-26B
  • X-27
  • X-33
  • X-35
  • X-44
  • X-55
  • X-56
Nama
  • Air Express
  • Aquila
  • Altair
  • Aurora
  • Big Dipper
  • Blackbird
  • Chain Lightning
  • Cheyenne
  • Constellation
    • L-049
    • L-649
    • L-749
  • Constitution
  • Electra (Model 10)
  • Electra (Model 188)
  • Electra Junior
  • Excalibur
  • Explorer
  • Fighting Falcon
  • Galaxy
  • Have Blue
  • Hercules
  • Hudson
  • Hummingbird
  • JetStar
  • Kestrel
  • Kingfisher
  • Lightning
  • Lightning II
  • Little Dipper
  • Lodestar
  • Neptune
  • Orion (Model 9)
  • Orion (P-3)
  • Polecat
  • Raptor
  • Saturn
  • SeaStar
  • Senior Prom
  • Sentinel
  • Shooting Star
  • Sirius
  • Starfighter
  • Starfire
  • Starlifter
  • Starliner
  • Super Constellation
    • L-1049
    • L-1249
  • Super Electra
  • Super Galaxy
  • Super Hercules
  • T-Bird
  • TriStar
  • Vega
  • Ventura
  • Viking
  • Warning Star
Situs resmi: www.lockheedmartin.com
Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lockheed_P-38_Lightning&oldid=24897756"
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