Penambangan batu bara
Penambangan batu bara adalah proses penyarian batu bara dari tanah. Batu bara bernilai untuk kandungan energinya, dan, sejak 1880an, telah banyak dipakai untuk membangkitkan listrik. Industri-industri baja dan semen memakai batu bara sebagai bahan bakar untuk penyarian besi dari bijih besi dan untuk produksi semen.
Catatan
Referensi
Bacaan tambahan
- Daniel Burns. The modern practice of coal mining (1907)
- Chirons, Nicholas P. Coal Age Handbook of Coal Surface Mining (ISBN 0-07-011458-7)
- Hamilton, Michael S. Mining Environmental Policy: Comparing Indonesia and the USA (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2005). (ISBN 0-7546-4493-6).
- Hayes, Geoffrey. Coal Mining (2004), 32 pp
- Hughes. Herbert W, A Text-Book of Mining: For the use of colliery managers and others (London, many editions 1892-1917), the standard British textbook for its era.
- Kuenzer, Claudia. Coal Mining in China (In: Schumacher-Voelker, E., and Mueller, B., (Eds.), 2007: BusinessFocus China, Energy: A Comprehensive Overview of the Chinese Energy Sector. gic Deutschland Verlag, 281 pp., ISBN 978-3-940114-00-6 pp. 62–68)
- National Energy Information Center. "Greenhouse Gases, Climate Change, Energy". Diakses tanggal 16 October 2007.
- Charles V. Nielsen and George F. Richardson. 1982 Keystone Coal Industry Manual (1982)
- Saleem H. Ali. "Minding our Minerals, 2006."
- A.K. Srivastava. Coal Mining Industry in India (1998) (ISBN 81-7100-076-2)
- Department of Trade and Industry, UK. "The Coal Authority". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 13 October 2008. Diakses tanggal 16 October 2007.
- Tonge, James. The principles and practice of coal mining (1906)
- Woytinsky, W. S., and E. S. Woytinsky. World Population and Production Trends and Outlooks (1953) pp 840–881; with many tables and maps on the worldwide coal industry in 1950
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Coal mining.
Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: Penambangan batu bara.
Lihat entri colliery di kamus bebas Wikikamus.
- Glossary of Mining Terms
- Coal Mine exploration and preservation
- Abandoned Mine Research
- Methods of mining – overview and graphic of coal mining methods
- Coal Mining in the British Isles (Northern Mine Research Society)
- National Coal Mining Museum for England
- NIOSH Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program
- Purdue University – Petroleum and Coal
- University of Wollongong – educational resource on longwall mining
- Virtual coalmine Diarsipkan 2019-09-27 di Wayback Machine. – visual e-learning source with comprehensive display of long-wall face
- World Coal Institute – Coal Mining Diarsipkan 2006-10-07 di Wayback Machine.