Renaisan Karoling
Renaisans Karoling adalah peristiwa pertama dari tiga renaisans abad pertengahan, sebuah periode kegiatan budaya di Kekaisaran Karoling. Ini terjadi pada masa Abad Pertengahan Awal dari akhir abad ke-8 sampai abad ke-9, yang terinspirasi dari Kekaisaran Kristen Romawi dari abad keempat. Pada periode ini, terdapat peningkatan sastra, penulisan, seni rupa, arsitektur, yurisprudensi, reformasi liturgi, dan kajian skriptural.
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Referensi
Kutipan
Daftar pustaka
- Allen, Larry (2009), "Carolingian Reform", The Encyclopedia of Money, Sta. Barbara: ABC Clio, hlm. 59–60, ISBN 978-1-59884-251-7.
- Cantor, Norman F. (1993). The Civilization of the Middle Ages: a completely revised and expanded edition of Medieval history, the life and death of a civilization. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-017033-6.
- Chambers, Mortimer; et al. (1983), The Western Experience to 1715 (Edisi 3rd), New York: Alfred A. Knopf, ISBN 0-394-33085-4.
- Chown, John F (1994), A History of Money from AD 800, London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-10279-0.
- Contreni, John G. (1984), "The Carolingian Renaissance", Renaissances before the Renaissance: cultural revivals of late antiquity and the Middle Ages.
- Ferguson, Wallace K. (1974), "Money and Coinage of the Age of Erasmus: An Historical and Analytical Glossary with Particular Reference to France, the Low Countries, England, the Rhineland, and Italy", The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 1 to 141: 1484 to 1500, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, hlm. 311–349, ISBN 0-8020-1981-1.
- Grier, James (Spring 2003), "Ademar de Chabannes, Carolingian Musical Practices, and "Nota Romana", Journal of the American Musicological Society, vol. 56, hlm. 43–98.
- Innes, M. (1997), "The classical tradition in the Carolingian Renaissance: Ninth-century encounters with Suetonius", International Journal of the Classical Tradition.
- Munro, John H. (2012), "The Technology and Economics of Coinage Debasements in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: With Special Reference to the Low Countries and England", Money in the Pre-Industrial World: Bullion, Debasements, and Coin Substitutes, Pickering & Chatto, republished 2016 by Routledge, hlm. 30 ff, ISBN 978-1-84893-230-2.
- Nelson, Janet L. (1986), "On the limits of the Carolingian renaissance", Politics and Ritual in Early Medieval Europe.
- Scott, Martin (1964), Medieval Europe, New York: Dorset Press, ISBN 0-88029-115-X .
- Suchodolski, Stanislaw (1983), "On the Rejection of Good Coin in Carolingian Europe", Studies in Numismatic Method: Presented to Philip Grierson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, hlm. 147–152, ISBN 0-521-22503-5.
- Thorndike, Lynn (1943), "Renaissance or Prenaissance?", Journal of the History of Ideas, vol. No. 4, hlm. 65 ff .
- Trompf, G.W. (1973), "The concept of the Carolingian Renaissance", Journal of the History of Ideas, hlm. 3 ff.
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