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Ultranasionalisme - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Ultranasionalisme

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
(Dialihkan dari Ultranasionalis)
Bagian dari seri
Nasionalisme
Development
Nilai inti
Jenis
Organisasi
Daftar organisasi nasionalis
Portal politik

Ultranasionalisme atau nasionalisme ekstrem adalah bentuk nasionalisme ekstrem yang di mana suatu negara menegaskan atau mempertahankan hegemoni, supremasi, atau bentuk kendali lain yang merugikan terhadap negara lain untuk mengejar kepentingan dan mempromosikan kepentingan satu negara atau masyarakat di atas segala hal, atau singkatnya pencurahan ekstrem terhadap negara orang itu sendiri.[1][2] Ultranasionalisme dipadukan dengan pernyataan kelahiran kembali nasional sebagai fondasi penting dari fasisme.[3]

Partai politik ultranasionalis

Sekarang terwakili dalam legislatif dan pemerintahan nasional

Partai-partai politik berikut ini dikarakterisasikan sebagai ultranasionalis.

Partai politik yang digambarkan memiliki fraksi ultranasionalis

Partai politik yang sebelumnya memiliki fraksi ultranasionalis

Organisasi ultranasionalis

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Ultranationalism Diarsipkan 2019-05-12 di Wayback Machine.. Oxford English Dictionary. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  2. ^ Ultranationalism. Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  3. ^ Roger Griffin, "Nationalism" in Cyprian Blamires, ed., World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, vol. 2 (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2006), pp. 451–53.
  4. ^ Katsikas, Stefanos (2011). "Negotiating Diplomacy in the New Europe: Foreign Policy in Post-Communist Bulgaria". I.B. Tauris: 64.
  5. ^ Tsatsanis, Emmanouil (2011), "Hellenism under siege: the national-populist logic of antiglobalization rhetoric in Greece", Journal of Political Ideologies, 16 (1): 11–31, doi:10.1080/13569317.2011.540939, ...and far right-wing newspapers such as Alpha Ena, Eleytheros Kosmos, Eleytheri Ora and Stohos (the mouthpiece of ultra-nationalist group Chrysi Avgi).
  6. ^ Mark Magnier (8 March 2012). "In India, battle continues over Hindu temple's riches - latimes". Los Angeles Times. Articles.latimes.com. Diakses tanggal 2015-12-02.
  7. ^ "Election Polls: 6-14 Seats for Bennett and Shaked's New Right-wing Party, Labor Party Crashes". Times of Israel. 30 December 2018.
  8. ^ "Polish Interior Minister Issues Last-Minute Ban on Neo-Fascist Show of Force Outside Israeli Embassy in Warsaw". The Algemeiner. 31 January 2018.
  9. ^ "Ultranationalists Move to Slap Fines on Use of Foreign Words". 21 February 2013.
  10. ^ Ford, Peter (2018). "Serbian Radical Party surge may complicate reform". Christian Science Monitor. Diakses tanggal 17 December 2018.
  11. ^ "Not Even a Prosperous Slowakia Is Immune to Doubts About the E.U." New York Times. 17 December 2016.
  12. ^ Acha, Beatriz (6 January 2019). "No, no es un partido (neo)fascista". Agenda Pública. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2019-07-11. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-12.
  13. ^ Antón-Mellón, Joan (29 April 2019). "Vox. Del nacional-catolicismo al ultranacionalismo neoliberal". Agenda Pública. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2019-05-03. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-12.
  14. ^ Arman, Murat Necip (2007). "The Sources Of Banality In Transforming Turkish Nationalism". CEU Political Science Journal (2): 133–151.
  15. ^ Eissenstat, Howard. (November 2002). Anatolianism: The History of a Failed Metaphor of Turkish Nationalism. Middle East Studies Association Conference. Washington, D.C.
  16. ^ Gocek, Fatma Muge (2014). Denial of Violence. Oxford University Press. hlm. 402.
  17. ^ "Svoboda: The rise of Ukraine's ultra-nationalists". BBC. 25 December 2012. Diakses tanggal 1 March 2015.
  18. ^ "Vox felicita a Milei por el resultado en las elecciones de Argentina y le traslada su "apoyo" para la segunda vuelta". Europa Press. 23 October 2023. El ultranacionalista Milei, candidato de La Libertad Avanza
  19. ^ Cupples, Julie (2022). Development and Decolonization in Latin America. Taylor & Francis. election of right-wing ultranationalist populist, Jair Bolsonaro
  20. ^ "A new Twitter account shows how the Chinese Communist Party stirs up ultra-nationalism". The Economist. 19 May 2022.
  21. ^ Minkenberg, Michael (2015). Transforming the Transformation?. Taylor & Francis. hlm. 126. the rightward shift of Fidesz is noticeable by their growing co-optation of ultranationalist narratives
  22. ^ Rosenfeld, Alvin (2021). Contending with Antisemitism in a Rapidly Changing Political Climate. Indiana University Press. hlm. 255. With its ultranationalist policy, Orban's Fidesz party managed to take over the positions of the far-right Jobbik party
  23. ^ deSouza, Peter Ronald (2006). India's Political Parties. SAGE. hlm. 19. The other major national party of today, the Bharatiya Janata Party, does not quite fit the religious fundamentalist, the ethnicity-based or the fascist/ultra nationalist categories although it shares, to a large degree, elements of all three
  24. ^ "Reformasi Reloaded? Implications of Indonesia's 2014 Elections". Center for Security Studies. 9 September 2014. Prabowo's coalition consisted of his own ultra nationalist Gerindra
  25. ^ "Comparing Indonesia's Party Systems of the 1950s and the Post-Suharto Era: From Centrifugal to Centripetal Inter-Party Competition". Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2023-07-12. Diakses tanggal 2021-07-24.
  26. ^ Krieg, Andreas (2023). Subversion: The Strategic Weaponization of Narratives. Georgetown University Press. it has maintained connections with anti-EU, ultranationalist radical elements of ... Lega Nord
  27. ^ "Beautiful Harmony: Political Project Behind Japan's New Era Name – Analysis". eurasia review. 16 July 2019. The shifting dynamics around the new era name (gengō 元号) offers an opportunity to understand how the domestic politics of the LDP's project of ultranationalism is shaping a new Japan and a new form of nationalism.
  28. ^ Lunning, Frenchy, ed. (2013). Mechademia 4: War/Time. U of Minnesota Press. hlm. 291. ISBN 9781452942650. The overturning of the cab driver's 1998 sentiment in Akamatsu's 2007 piece had its political correlative in the victory of the ultranationalist wing of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) when Abe Shinzō became Japan's prime minister in ...
  29. ^ "Why Steve Bannon Admires Japan". The Diplomat. 22 June 2018. In Japan, populist and extreme right-wing nationalism has found a home within the political establishment.
  30. ^ Maki Kimura, ed. (2016). Unfolding the 'Comfort Women' Debates: Modernity, Violence, Women's Voices. Springer. ISBN 9781137392510. ... a gradual drift towards more nationalistic attitudes to education and politics in general in contemporary Japanese society may party be explained by the effect of ultranationalist politicians in the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).
  31. ^ Masanori Nakamura, ed. (2016). The Japanese Monarchy: Ambassador Joseph Grew and the Making of the "Symbol Emperor System," 1931-1991. M.E. Sharpe. hlm. 1992. ISBN 9781563241093. On July 31, a group of ultranationalist LDP Diet men, alarmed by Nakasone's diplomacy of "submission to foreign pressure" on issues like textbook revision and the Yasukuni Shrine problem, formed the "Association of Those Concerned ...
  32. ^ Sabri Kiçmari, ed. (2022). History Continues: Three Models of the Continuation of History. Springer Nature. hlm. 59. ISBN 9789811984020. Putinism is not consistent as an ideology and political system. Public political attitudes have changed according to the circumstances. From a kind of cautious system to an open society, Putinism has moved significantly in the direction of the authoritarian system. His political party United Russia started as the conservative party of the former communists has moved towards ultranationalist and neo-imperialist ideology (Van Herpen 2013: 7). Van Harpen even qualifies Putinism as an unstable system of a slight variant of fascism-fascism lite. According to him, this system combines elements of proto-fascism, fascism and post-fascism, with a nucleus of ultra-nationalism, militarism and neo-imperialism (Van Herpen 2013: 8).
  33. ^ Chuck Stewart, ed. (2010). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of LGBT Issues Worldwide. Greenwood Press. hlm. 360. ISBN 9780313342356. In particular, Putin's efforts are attributed to the burgeoning growth of Russian ultranationalist sociopolitical organizations, such as United Russia (Yedinaya Rossiya) and Ours (Nashi, or Youth Movement - Ours!).
  34. ^ Kyriazi, Anna (April 2016). "Ultranationalist discourses of exclusion: a comparison between the Hungarian Jobbik and the Greek Golden Dawn". University of Milan.
  35. ^ "Migrants finding little sympathy in Hungary for their plight". AP News. 9 September 2015.
  36. ^ "Ultra-Nationalist Party Surges In Hungary". NPR.org. National Public Radio. 24 May 2014.
  37. ^ Mietzner, Marcus (2008). "Comparing Indonesia's Party Systems of the 1950s and the Post-Suharto Era: From Centrifugal to Centripetal Inter-Party Competition". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 39 (3): 431–453. doi:10.1017/S0022463408000337. JSTOR 27751535. S2CID 143374343.
  38. ^ Sakai, Robert (1966). Studies on Asia. University of Nebraska Press. hlm. 102. the ultranationalist faction within UMNO
  39. ^ De Riencourt, Amauary (1950). Roof of the World, Tibet. Rinehart. hlm. 176. Chiang Kai-Shek shook off the Soviet supervision and transmuted the Kuomintang into an ultranationalist movement
  40. ^ Robinson, Simon (1 May 2000). "Power to the Mob". Time. Diakses tanggal 2 March 2023.
  41. ^ Ndlovu-Gatsheni, Sabelo J. (2009). "Making Sense of Mugabeism in Local and Global Politics: 'So Blair, keep your England and let me keep my Zimbabwe'". Third World Quarterly. 30 (6): 1139–1158. doi:10.1080/01436590903037424. S2CID 143775424.
  42. ^  ⸻  (2015). "Introduction: Mugabeism and Entanglements of History, Politics, and Power in the Making of Zimbabwe". Dalam Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni (ed.). Mugabeism? History, Politics, and Power in Zimbabwe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. hlm. 1–25. ISBN 978-1-137-54344-8.
  43. ^ Combs, Cynthia (2022). Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century. Taylor & Francis. The Proud Boys are an ultranationalist organization active in the United States
  44. ^ "THE MOST NOTORIOUS NEO-FASCIST HATE GROUP IN TEXAS CAN'T CATCH A BREAK". Texas Observer. 2 November 2022. As much as 10 percent of the white supremacist, ultranationalist Patriot Front, including its leader Thomas Rousseau, are currently facing civil or criminal cases.
  45. ^ "Aryan Brotherhood". Southern Poverty Law Center. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal February 21, 2017. Diakses tanggal January 10, 2018.
  46. ^ "White nationalist leader is plotting to 'take over the GOP'". NBC News US (dalam bahasa American English). 2018-10-17. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 2018-10-17. Diakses tanggal 2018-10-17.
  47. ^ Campani, Giovanna (2016). Understanding the Populist Shift. Taylor & Francis. hlm. 10.
  48. ^ Fionna, Ulla, ed. (2015). Watching the Indonesian Elections 2014. ISEAS Publishing. hlm. 106. ISBN 9789814620833. Prabowo has accepted support from and declared his willingness to work with such organizations as the (notorious) radical Islamic group Front Pembela Islam (Defenders of Islam Front) and the ultra-nationalist Pemuda Pancasila.
  49. ^ "Israeli human rights groups alarmed by Zionist video attack". Sydney Morning Herald. 1 January 2016. An ultra-nationalist Israeli group has published a video accusing the heads of four of Israel's leading human rights organisations of being foreign agents funded by Europe and supporting Palestinians "involved in terrorism". The widely-viewed 68-second video, made by radical Zionist group Im Tirtzu
  50. ^ "Jerusalem Jewish group on anti-Arab patrol". BBC. 9 February 2016. an ultra-nationalist Jewish group called Lehava has been organising patrols aimed at stopping Jewish Israelis from even talking to Arabs.
  51. ^ Pedahzur, Ami (2013). The Israeli Response to Jewish Extremism and Violence. Manchester University Press. Of the movements associated with ultranationalist right-wing notions, the Etzel and the Lehi were the most noteworthy in their use of violence and terrorism
  52. ^ Sprinzak, Ehud (1991). The Ascendance of Israel's Radical Right. OUP. hlm. 23. It was the ultranationalist wing of Revisionism, and was articulated by organizations such as Brit Habirionim and Lehi
  53. ^ "The dark side of Italian politics — Italy's swing to the right could see a more extremist agenda". CNBC. 1 March 2018.
  54. ^ Nippon Kaigi: The ultra-nationalistic group trying to restore the might of the Japanese Empire. ABC News Online. Author - Matthew Carney. Published 2 December 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
  55. ^ "Abe's cabinet reshuffle". East Asia Forum. 14 September 2019. Abe also rewarded right-wing politicians who are close to him — so-called 'ideological friends' who are being increasingly pushed to the forefront of his administration — such as LDP Executive Acting Secretary-General Koichi Hagiuda who was appointed Education Minister. As a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), which seeks to promote patriotic education, he can be considered 'reliable' as the government's policy leader on national education.
  56. ^ "Japanese minister becomes first in two years to visit Tokyo's controversial Yasukuni Shrine". South China Morning Post. 17 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2020. Eto is serving in his first cabinet position and is a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi organisation, whose aims are to revise the "national consciousness" surrounding the prosecution of Japan's war criminals and to change the nation's pacifist constitution implemented after the war. The group also promotes "patriotic education".
  57. ^ Kolmas, Michal, ed. (2019). National Identity and Japanese Revisionism. Routledge. ISBN 9781351334396. ... and foreign policy are rightwing revisionists organized in groups such as the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi ...
  58. ^ Dessì, Ugo, ed. (2013). Japanese Religions and Globalization. Routledge. hlm. 146. ISBN 9780415811705.
  59. ^ "Japan combats rise in hate speech". Al Jazeera. 30 November 2015. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2020. ... and many don't speak Korean or have ties to Korea. Even so, ultranationalist groups like Zaitokukai have singled them out and used Japan's very liberal protection of speech to harass, intimidate and silence Zainichi with noisy street protests and attacks online, often anonymously.
  60. ^ "Head of anti-foreigner group Zaitokukai to step down". Japan Times. 30 November 2015. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2020. The longtime chairman of the ultranationalist group Zaitokukai has announced he will step down and even give up his membership in the group, saying the move will eventually bolster the organization's influence.
  61. ^ Zaman, Dina (23 June 2012). "Is there a need for more interfaith dialogue in Malaysia? Part 1". newmandala.org. Diakses tanggal 26 April 2021. Perkasa (an all Malay ultranationalist group) ready to crusade against ungrateful Christians,
  62. ^ "The Palestinian Islamic Jihad's US Cell" (PDF). Foreign Policy Research Institute. December 2009. a central feature of the PIJ platform combines Islamic fanaticism and extreme nationalism
  63. ^ "מילון ארגוני טרור". Shabak. בהשפעת הענף המצרי הוקם בעזה, בשנת 1981, "הג'האד האסלאמי בפלסטין", המשלב אידיאולוגיה לאומית קיצונית עם התפיסות האסלאמיות: השמדת מדינת ישראל והחלפתה במדינה פלסטינית אסלאמית, שתוקם על כל שטחי פלסטין.
  64. ^ Neiberg, Michael (2004). Warfare & Society in Europe. Routledge. hlm. 96. Several ultra - nationalist groups such as Action française and the veterans' group Croix de Feu
  65. ^ Nilsson, Per-Erik (2017). Unveiling the French Republic: National Identity, Secularism, and Islam in Contemporary France. Brill. hlm. 70. Ultra-nationalist groups and parties like the Bloc identitaire
  66. ^ Kuromiya, Hiroaki (2022). Stalin, Japan, and the Struggle for Supremacy Over China, 1894–1945. Taylor & Francis. Blue-Shirt society, an ultranationalist secret society
  67. ^ "The Azov Battalion: Extremists defending Mariupol – DW – 03/16/2022". Deutsche Welle.
  68. ^ "Ultra-nationalist Ukrainian battalion gears up for more fighting". Reuters. 25 March 2015.
  69. ^ "Profile: Who are Ukraine's far-right Azov regiment?".
  70. ^ "US lifts 10-year weapon ban on Ukraine's controversial Azov Brigade".
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