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  2. Perjanjian Quebec - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Perjanjian Quebec - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Perjanjian Quebec

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Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Perjanjian Quebec
Nama panjang:
  • Pasal-pasal Perjanjian yang Mengatur Kerja Sama Antara Pihak Berwenang Amerika Serikat dan Britania Raya dalam Hal Paduan Tabung
Mackenzie King, Franklin D. Roosevelt dan Winston Churchill di Konferensi Quebec pada Agustus 1943
Ditandatangani19 Agustus 1943 (1943-08-19)
LokasiKota Quebec, Quebec, Kanada
Efektif19 Agustus 1943 (1943-08-19)
Habis tempo7 Januari 1948 (1948-1-7)
Penanda tanganWinston Churchill (Britania Raya)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (Amerika Serikat)

Perjanjian Quebec adalah perjanjian rahasia antara Britania Raya dan Amerika Serikat yang menguraikan persyaratan untuk pengembangan terkoordinasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknik yang berkaitan dengan energi nuklir dan khususnya senjata nuklir. Perjanjian ini ditandatangani oleh Winston Churchill dan Franklin D. Roosevelt pada tanggal 19 Agustus 1943, selama Perang Dunia II, pada Konferensi Quebec I di Kota Quebec, Quebec, Kanada.

Catatan

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Referensi

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  • Bernstein, Barton J. (June 1976). "The Uneasy Alliance: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Atomic Bomb, 1940–1945". The Western Political Quarterly. 29 (2): 202–230. doi:10.2307/448105. ISSN 0043-4078. JSTOR 448105.
  • Bernstein, Jeremy (2011). "A Memorandum that Changed the World" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. 79 (5): 440–446. Bibcode:2011AmJPh..79..440B. doi:10.1119/1.3533426. ISSN 0002-9505.
  • Botti, Timothy J. (1987). The Long Wait: the Forging of the Anglo-American Nuclear Alliance, 1945–58. Contributions in Military Studies. New York: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-25902-9. OCLC 464084495.
  • Calder, Ritchie (17 October 1953). "Cost of Atomic Secrecy: Anglo-US Rivalry". The Nation. 177 (16): 303–306. ISSN 0027-8378.
  • Clark, Ronald W. (1961). The Birth of the Bomb: Britain's Part in the Weapon that Changed the World. London: Phoenix House. OCLC 824335.
  • Farmelo, Graham (2013). Churchill's Bomb: How the United States Overtook Britain in the First Nuclear Arms Race. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-02195-6.
  • Gott, Richard (April 1963). "The Evolution of the Independent British Deterrent". International Affairs. 39 (2): 238–252. ISSN 1468-2346. JSTOR 2611300.
  • Gowing, Margaret (1964). Britain and Atomic Energy 1939–1945. London: Macmillan. OCLC 3195209.
  • Gowing, Margaret; Arnold, Lorna (1974). Independence and Deterrence: Britain and Atomic Energy, 1945–1952, Volume 1, Policy Making. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-15781-8. OCLC 611555258.
  • Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-306-70738-1. OCLC 537684. ;
  • Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-520-07186-7. OCLC 637004643. Diakses tanggal 26 March 2013. ;
  • Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). Washington, DC: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-10-07. Diakses tanggal 8 June 2013. ;
  • Nichols, Kenneth David (1987). The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made. New York: William Morrow and Company. ISBN 0-688-06910-X. OCLC 15223648.
  • Paul, Septimus H. (2000). Nuclear Rivals: Anglo-American Atomic Relations, 1941–1952. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8142-0852-6. OCLC 43615254.
  • Phelps, Stephen (2010). The Tizard Mission: the Top-Secret Operation that Changed the Course of World War II. Yardley, Pennsylvania: Westholme. ISBN 978-1-59416-116-2. OCLC 642846903.
  • Reynolds, David (2005). In Command of History: Churchill Fighting and Writing the Second World War. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-101964-2. OCLC 505347006.
  • Rhodes, Richard (1986). The Making of the Atomic Bomb. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-44133-7. OCLC 13793436.
  • Shrader, Charles R. (2006). History of Operations Research in the United States Army, Volume I: 1942–62. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Army. ISBN 978-0-16-072961-4. OCLC 73821793.
  • Szasz, Ferenc Morton (1992). British Scientists and the Manhattan Project: the Los Alamos Years. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-06167-8. OCLC 23901666.
  • Tyrer, William A. (2016). "The Unresolved Mystery of ELLI". International Journal of Intelligence and Counter Intelligence. 29 (4): 785–808. doi:10.1080/08850607.2016.1177404. ISSN 0885-0607.
  • Zimmerman, David (1995). "The Tizard Mission and the Development of the Atomic Bomb". War in History. 2 (3): 259–273. doi:10.1177/096834459500200302. ISSN 0968-3445.

Pranala luar

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  • Quebec Agreement
  • Hyde Park Aide-Mémoire

Templat:Winston Churchill Templat:Franklin D. Roosevelt

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The rising mushroom cloud from the Nagasaki "Fat Man" bomb, August 9, 1945
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